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拍品专文
The sitter in this penetrating bust-length portrait has been traditionally identified as Jean Calvin (1509-1564), the French theologian and leading figure of the Protestant Reformation. The sitter is shown in the sober black attire and simple white collar that accorded with his austere religious convictions. His identification is evidenced inscription on the reverse, 'IOANNIS CALVINI / MAGNI THEOLOGI,' which further documents his parentage by recording the names of his father, Gérard Cauvin, and his mother, Jeanne le Franc.
Born on 10 July 1509 in Noyon, Picardy, Calvin was a figure of remarkable intellectual precocity. Although initially destined for the priesthood—receiving the tonsure by the age of twelve—his father redirected him toward a legal career, and Calvin pursued studies at the universities of Orléans and Bourges. There he acquired Greek and immersed himself in the currents of Renaissance humanism, a scholarly foundation evident in his first publication, a commentary on Seneca's De Clementia (1532). Following his break with the Roman Catholic Church and the violent repercussions of the Affair of the Placards in October 1534, Calvin fled France for Basel. It was there, in March 1536, that he published the first edition of his Institutio Christianae Religionis (Institutes of the Christian Religion), the systematic exposition of Reformed doctrine that established his reputation as the foremost theologian of the Protestant movement. Called to Geneva later that year, expelled in 1538, and recalled in 1541, Calvin spent the remainder of his life leading the church there and transforming the city into a center of international Reformed influence. He died in Geneva on 27 May 1564.
Tosini initially trained with Lorenzo di Credi and Antonio del Ceraiuolo before entering the workshop of Ridolfo Ghirlandaio around 1525. His collaboration with Ridolfo was so close that he became known as ‘Michele di Ridolfo’. By the middle of the century, Tosini had established himself as a leading figure in Florentine painting, later assisting Giorgio Vasari in the decoration of the Palazzo Vecchio in 1557. While rooted in the Ghirlandaio tradition, Tosini’s mature style also reveals the distinct influence of Francesco Salviati.
Born on 10 July 1509 in Noyon, Picardy, Calvin was a figure of remarkable intellectual precocity. Although initially destined for the priesthood—receiving the tonsure by the age of twelve—his father redirected him toward a legal career, and Calvin pursued studies at the universities of Orléans and Bourges. There he acquired Greek and immersed himself in the currents of Renaissance humanism, a scholarly foundation evident in his first publication, a commentary on Seneca's De Clementia (1532). Following his break with the Roman Catholic Church and the violent repercussions of the Affair of the Placards in October 1534, Calvin fled France for Basel. It was there, in March 1536, that he published the first edition of his Institutio Christianae Religionis (Institutes of the Christian Religion), the systematic exposition of Reformed doctrine that established his reputation as the foremost theologian of the Protestant movement. Called to Geneva later that year, expelled in 1538, and recalled in 1541, Calvin spent the remainder of his life leading the church there and transforming the city into a center of international Reformed influence. He died in Geneva on 27 May 1564.
Tosini initially trained with Lorenzo di Credi and Antonio del Ceraiuolo before entering the workshop of Ridolfo Ghirlandaio around 1525. His collaboration with Ridolfo was so close that he became known as ‘Michele di Ridolfo’. By the middle of the century, Tosini had established himself as a leading figure in Florentine painting, later assisting Giorgio Vasari in the decoration of the Palazzo Vecchio in 1557. While rooted in the Ghirlandaio tradition, Tosini’s mature style also reveals the distinct influence of Francesco Salviati.